Mantua y Sabbionetta

Mantua and Sabbioneta

Cultural

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País

Italy

Inscrito

2008

Región

Europe and North America

Superficie

235 ha

Coordenadas

45.1594°, 10.7944°

Acerca de

Situadas al norte de Italia, estas dos ciudades son representativas de dos aspectos del urbanismo del Renacimiento. Mantua constituye un ejemplo de renovación y extensión de una ciudad ya existente, mientras que Sabbionetta, situada a unos 30 kilómetros, es ilustrativa de las teorías renacentistas sobre la planificación de la ciudad ideal. Aunque algunas partes de su tejido urbano son regulares, el trazado irregular de Mantua atestigua las distintas etapas de su crecimiento desde la época del Imperio Romano. Esta ciudad posee numerosos monumentos medievales –entre los que figura una rotonda del siglo XI– y un teatro barroco. En cambio, Sabbionetta, construida en la segunda mitad del siglo XVI por orden de Vespasiano Gonzaga Colonna, se puede definir como una ciudad de un solo periodo con un plano en forma de damero. Ambas ciudades aportan un testimonio excepcional de las realizaciones urbanísticas, arquitectónicas y artísticas del Renacimiento, dictadas por la visión y las ambiciones de la familia gobernante de los Gonzaga. La importancia de los dos sitios estriba en el valor de su arquitectura y en su eminente papel en la difusión de la cultura renacentista. Los ideales de ésta, promovidos por los Gonzaga, han quedado plasmados en la morfología y la arquitectura de ambas ciudades.

Valor universal excepcional en inglés

Mantua and Sabbioneta offer exceptional testimonies to the urban, architectural and artistic realizations of the Renaissance, linked through the visions and actions of the ruling Gonzaga family. Mantua, a town whose traces stem from the Roman period, was renovated in the 15th and 16th centuries - including hydrological engineering, urban and architectural works. The participation of renowned architects like Leon Battista Alberti and Giulio Romano, and painters like Andrea Mantegna, makes Mantua a prominent capital of the Renaissance. Sabbioneta represents the construction of an entirely new town according to the modern, functional vision of the Renaissance. The defensive walls, grid pattern of streets, role of public spaces and monuments all make Sabbioneta one of the best examples of ideal cities built in Europe, with an influence over urbanism and architecture in and outside the continent. The properties represent two significant stages of territorial planning and urban interventions undertaken by the Gonzagas in their domains. Criterion (ii): Mantua and Sabbioneta are exceptional witnesses to the interchange of human values of the Renaissance culture. They illustrate the two main forms of Renaissance town planning: the newly founded town, based on the concept of ideal city planning, and the transformed existing town. Their importance relates also to architecture, technology and monu¬mental art. The properties have played a prominent role in the diffusion of the Renaissance culture in and outside Europe. Criterion (iii): Mantua and Sabbioneta are exceptional testimonies to a particular civilization during a specific period of history, with reflections on urbanism, architecture and fine arts. The ideals of the Renaissance, fostered by the Gonzaga family, are present in their urban morphology and architecture, their functional systems and traditional productive activities, which have mostly been preserved over time. Both properties meet the required conditions of integrity and authenticity, since their most significant urban and architectural components have been preserved over time, as has their relationship with their settings. The legal protective structure and management system are adequate, as both properties exhibit a good state of conservation.