Les quatre sites de ce bien s’étendent sur une bande de 170 km de long et de 3 à 15 km de large, qui traverse la Belgique d’ouest en est. Il s’agit des sites les mieux conservés de l’exploitation charbonnière qui s’est étalée du début du XIXe siècle à la seconde moitié du XXe siècle. Le bien fournit des exemples de l’architecture utopique des débuts de l’ère industrielle européenne, dans le cadre d’un ensemble industriel et urbain architectural hautement intégré, notamment le charbonnage et la cité ouvrière du Grand-Hornu, dessinée par l’architecte Bruno Renard dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle. Bois-du-Luc comporte de nombreux bâtiments érigés de 1838 à 1909 et un charbonnage qui est l’un des plus anciens d’Europe car il remonte à la fin du XVIIe siècle. Bien que la Wallonie compte des centaines de charbonnages, la plupart ont perdu leurs infrastructures alors que l’intégrité des quatre composantes de ce site est restée élevée.

Valeur universelle exceptionnelle en anglais

Brief synthesis The Grand-Hornu, Bois-du-Luc, Bois du Cazier and Blegny-Mine sites represent the best preserved places of coal mining in Belgium, from the early 19th to the second half of the 20th centuries. The Walloon Coal Basin is one of the oldest, and most emblematic of the industrial revolution, on the European continent. The four sites include numerous technical and industrial remains, relating to both the surface and the underground coal mining industry, the industrial architecture associated with the mines, worker housing, mining town urban planning and the social and human values associated with their history, in particular the memory of the Bois du Cazier disaster (1956). Criterion (ii): Among the earliest and largest in Europe, the four Walloon coalmines are testimony to the early dissemination of the technical, social and urban innovations of the industrial revolution. They then played a major exemplary role on the technical and social levels through to recent times. Finally, they are one of the most important sites of interculturalism arising out of mass industry through the participation of workers from other regions of Belgium, Europe and later Africa. Criterion (iv): The ensemble of the four Walloon mining sites provides an eminent and complete example of the world of industrial mining in continental Europe, at various stages of the industrial revolution. It bears significant testimony to its industrial and technological components, its urban and architectural choices, and its social values, especially following the Bois-du-Cazier disaster (1956). Integrity The series’ components have been selected for the quality, diversity and wealth of the testimonies they provide. Each expresses an original and complementary dimension of the serial property’s overall value, and each has the necessary components demonstrating sufficient integrity for an intelligible expression of this overall value. Authenticity The authenticity of the individual components of the serial property varies somewhat depending on the component considered and depending on all the property’s sites, but it achieves a satisfactory level overall. The programmes announced for the renovation of certain components, such as the Grand-Hornu workers’ city, should favourably restore the conditions of authenticity for this property. Nonetheless, an overarching conservation plan would be welcomed to ensure the authenticity of this serial property is lastingly maintained. Protection and management requirements Overall, the protection measures for the sites are adequate. Guarantees have been provided for the sound management of the urban and rural buffer zones through local town planning or sector plans, implementing the general provisions of the Development Code for the environment of the listed monuments and sites. Starting from the addition of sites with separate management and conservation systems, the serial property has recently acquired a permanent overarching body that is operating effectively: the overarching Coordination Group. The scientific capacities of this group must be strengthened and the programmes and actions coordinated to achieve a level of management and conservation compliant with that of a property with recognised Outstanding Universal Value.