South Africa

理查德斯维德文化植物景观

Richtersveld Cultural and Botanical Landscape

Cultural
理查德斯维德文化植物景观
图片来自维基百科

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占地16万公顷的理查德斯维德文化植物景观位于南非西北部引人注目的山区沙漠中,它构成了由社区拥有和管理的文化景观。该遗产保留了那马人半游牧性的牧民生活,说明可能在南非已存在两千年的季节变化模式。这是那马人仍然在建造便携式小屋的唯一一个地区。该遗产包括:季节性迁徙、牧场、储藏站(放牧人季节性放牛羊所用的基地),以及那马人有芦苇草垫席的房屋,即小小的半球型便携式建筑,由交叉木箍制成的木框架组成,铺上由当地灯心草辫成麻花状的细垫。住在这里的田园诗作者收集药用植物和其他植物,其口头叙述的老传统与不同地方和景观特点有关。
突出普遍价值 英文
The extensive communal grazed lands of the Richtersveld Cultural and Botanical Landscape are a testimony to land management processes which have ensured the protection of the succulent Karoo vegetation and thus demonstrates a harmonious interaction between people and nature. Furthermore, the seasonal migrations of graziers between stockposts with traditional demountable mat-roofed houses, |haru oms, reflect a practice that was once much more widespread over Southern Africa, and which has persisted for at least two millennia; the Nama are now its last practitioners. Criterion (iv): The rich diverse botanical landscape of the Richtersveld, shaped by the pastoral grazing of the Nama, represents and demonstrates a way of life that persisted for many millennia over a considerable part of southern Africa and was a significant stage in the history of this area. Criterion (v): The Richtersveld is one of the few areas in southern Africa where transhumance pastoralism is still practised; as a cultural landscape it reflects long-standing and persistent traditions of the Nama, the indigenous community. Their seasonal pastoral grazing regimes, which sustain the extensive bio-diversity of the area, were once much more widespread and are now vulnerable. The cultural landscape comprises all the elements linked to the transhumance lifestyle of the Nama pastoralists. The authenticity of the grazing areas and stockposts is incontrovertible. The authenticity of the traditional domed houses is mainly intact, despite the incorporation of some new materials along with the finely braided traditional mats. There are increasing numbers of young people interested in continuing the traditions. The Richtersveld Cultural and Botanical Landscape has full legal protection. The process of declaring the property as a Heritage Area was completed in early 2007. The traditional land-use system of the Nama should be seen as part of the protection system. A buffer zone has been established. The two key areas for conservation measures are sustaining the grazing areas and sustaining the tradition of building portable mat-roofed houses. The Richtersveld Community Conservancy (RCC) is managed by a Communal Property Association (CPA) with a Management Committee (company without profit) and a participative Management Plan is in place to manage the identified Heritage Area. The Management Plan, addresses management structures, infrastructure development, awareness raising, tourism development and monitoring and evaluation. It should provide support to the traditional management system rather than replacing it.

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